2017年10月5日 星期四

Zealandia ( /ziːˈlændiə/), also known as the New Zealand continent or Tasmantis


西蘭大陸Zealandia),也被稱為西蘭洲和Tasmantis[1],是一塊幾乎全被淹沒的微大陸(microcontinents)。於8500萬到6000萬年前從包圍澳洲大陸岡瓦那大陸分裂並分離,隨後沉入海底,面積490萬平方公里。此大陸目前有94%的區域已被海水淹沒,只有紐西蘭新喀里多尼亞諾福克島及一些其餘島嶼還浮於水面上[2],總面積大約490萬平方公里,等於三分之二的澳洲。



From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Topography of Zealandia. The linear ridgesrunning north-northeast (Colville to the west and Kermadec to the east, separated by the Havre Troughand Lau Basin) and southwest (the Resolution Ridge System) away from New Zealand are not considered part of the continental fragment, nor are Australia(upper left), Fiji or Vanuatu (top centre).[1]
Zealandia ( /zˈlændiə/), also known as the New Zealand continent or Tasmantis,[2] is a nearly submerged mass of continental crust that sank after breaking away from Australia 60–85 million years ago, having separated from Antarctica between 85 and 130 million years ago.[3] It has variously been described as a continental fragment, a microcontinent and a continent.[4] The name and concept for Zealandia were proposed by Bruce Luyendyk in 1995.[5]
The land mass may have been completely submerged about 23 million years ago,[6][7] and most of it (93%) remains submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean.[8] With a total area of approximately 4,920,000 km2 (1,900,000 sq mi), it is the world's largest current microcontinent, more than twice the size of the next-largest microcontinent and more than half the size of the Australian continent. As such, and due to other geological considerations, such as crustal thickness and density, it is arguably a continent in its own right.[9] This was the argument which made news in 2017,[10] when geologists from New ZealandNew Caledonia and Australia concluded that Zealandia fulfills all the necessary requirements to be considered a continent, rather than a microcontinent or continental fragment.[4]
Zealandia supports substantial inshore fisheries and contains gas fields, of which the largest known is New Zealand's Maui gas field, near Taranaki. Permits for oil exploration in the Great South Basin were issued in 2007.[11] Offshore mineral resources include iron sandsvolcanic massive sulfides and ferromanganese nodule deposits.[12]

沒有留言:

張貼留言

注意:只有此網誌的成員可以留言。