2011年4月30日 星期六

36 Hours in Singapore

90年年上半 我去過新加坡十來次
或許可以回味....



2011/4/30
Singapore is booming, with new casinos and hotels, museums and galleries opening their doors, and, best of all, lounges and rooftop bars are helping the city-state shake off its formerly staid image.

2007/12/23
36 Hours in Singapore

The New York Times

East Coast Lagoon Food Village, a place to sample food hawkers’ wares.


Published: December 23, 2007

SINGAPORE may be clean, efficient and manicured, but the prosperous island-state knows how to get down and dirty, too. At a string of open-air bars near the main shopping drag, young Singaporeans with stylishly tousled hair toss back martinis until the early morning. A sex therapist who styles himself “Dr. Love” has become one of the biggest celebs in town. And the Ministry of Sound, the famous British house music nightclub, has opened a branch in Singapore that pounds with local D.J.’s. That’s not to say Singapore has gone off the rails. Just stroll along its bougainvillea-draped streets, where order is still enforced by Big Nanny signs, like the one that recently read, “Low Crime Doesn’t Mean No Crime — Be Vigilant.”

Friday

3 p.m.
1) ORCHIDARIUM

Get a taste of Singapore’s cultivated side at the Singapore Botanic Gardens (1 Cluny Road; 65-6471-7361; www.sbg.org.sg), an ambling 157-acre park where you’ll see a medley of Chinese, Indians and Malays practicing martial arts, doing yoga and flirting. Founded in 1859, the landscaped gardens are dotted with intricate Victorian gazebos, a micro rain forest and a dazzling collection of orchids — from the flamingo-pink hybrid Vanda Miss Joaquim (Singapore’s national flower) to varieties named after visiting V.I.P.’s like Margaret Thatcher.

6 p.m.
2) BEER THERAPY

Southeast Asia isn’t known for beer, but that’s starting to change. Brew connoisseurs recently opened Archipelago Brewery (79 Circular Road; 65-6861-6200; www.archipelagobrewery.com), a microbrewery that revived a Singaporean beer works originally founded in 1931. Archipelago mixes standard pilsners and ales with local flavors like lemongrass, tamarind, star anise and wolfberries, a traditional ingredient in Chinese medicine.

8 p.m.
3) SIDEWALK CHEFS

Singapore has its share of white-linen restaurants, but food-mad locals salivate for hawker centers, open-air food courts where each stall serves one dish and the cooks yell out their specialties like ballpark vendors. One of the most popular, East Coast Lagoon Food Village (1220 East Coast Parkway), sits in a tropical park on the beach. With more than 50 stalls, the Village offers everything from barbecued tiger prawns to Indonesian satay to drinks made from grass jelly and aloe vera. Dinner for one, about 10 Singapore dollars, or $6.80 at 1.47 Singapore dollars to the U.S. dollar. For a quieter, cleaner atmosphere, try the appropriately named Makansutra Gluttons Bay (Esplanade Mall; 65-6336-7025; www.makansutra.com), by the Esplanade arts complex.

10 p.m.
4) THE HILLS

Cap off the evening in style. Skip the Boat Quay night-life area, unless you hanker to meet hundreds of sodden, sunburned European tourists. Instead, head to Emerald Hill, an upscale area with a cluster of hip pubs, and sip martinis at Alley Bar (2 Emerald Hill Road; 65-6738-8818), a long and sleek lounge frequented by aspiring fashion models.

Saturday

7 a.m.
5) WILD SIDE

Singapore’s skyscraping downtown makes it easy to forget that parks cover much of this island. But in recent years, Singaporeans have gone wild for adventure sports. Get up before the mercury rises and head to the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (177 Hindhede Drive; 65-6468-5736; www.nparks.gov.sg/nature_bukit.asp), a 400-acre rain forest that is home to garrulous macaques and some 500 other animal species. Hiking and biking trails wind through the jungle, creeping with vines and giant ferns. Watch out for the flying lemurs: the possum-sized critters glide overhead between huge jelutong trees.

Noon
6) ARRESTING ART

In the past decade, wealthy Singapore has become a regional hub for contemporary art, attracting painters and sculptors from China, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand. For a glimpse of the expanding art scene, visit the MICA Building (140 Hill Street; www.mica.gov.sg), a colorful gallery warehouse in a former police station, now run by the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts. In the building, the Soobin Art International gallery (65-6837-2777; www.soobinart.com.sg) features groundbreaking Chinese artists like Luo Jie, known for his sharp political cartoons.

2 p.m.
7) COOKING, LAH?

Long before Jean-Georges, Singapore’s chefs created the ultimate fusion food, a mishmash of Chinese, Indian and Malay influences that resulted in unique, if not always pretty, dishes like chili crab and fish-head curry. Many of these dishes are created in a single wok, and are much easier to master than, say, classic French cooking. Shermay’s Cooking School (Block 43 Jalan Merah Saga, 03-64 Holland Village; 65-6479-8442; www.shermay.com) was created by Shermay Lee, who wrote the definitive cookbook on Nyonya cuisine, which marries Chinese and Malay cuisine. Courses, which last roughly three hours, start at 109 Singapore dollars.

5 p.m.
8) EXTREME SHOPPING

Shopping is a national sport, and the main drag, Orchard Road, resembles a tourist mosh pit on weekends; one tour group knocked me down as they scrambled, like escaped convicts, into a sporting goods store. (You can avoid the crowds by arriving early, but then you’ll miss the action.) Or skip Orchard altogether for the high-end boutiques in Holland Village, a suburb of villas and leafy streets that draws local fashionistas and expatriates. Galerie Cho Lon (01-76 43 Jalan Merah, Saga; 65-6473-7922), an exquisitely cluttered boutique, has classic Chinese chairs and screens, antique wood furniture and books on Asian history and art.

8 p.m.
9) DINING WITH ART

Singapore’s National Museum (93 Stamford Road; 65-6332-2659; www.nationalmuseum.sg) is housed in a neo-Classical-style building from 1887, but it’s not just for art lovers. At night, the soaring marble rotunda becomes the funky restaurant Novus (65-6336-8770; www.novus.sg). It serves modern European cuisine with Asian touches like five-spiced duck with poached quince (32 Singapore dollars) and crispy-skinned snow cod with garlic pain perdu (34 dollars). If you arrive before your reservation (highly recommended), sidle over to the nearby bar, Muse, and rub elbows with the high-society crowd, who were spotted comparing their silver-plated cellphones on a recent visit.

Midnight
10) ETHNIC CANTEEN

Though many ethnic neighborhoods have lost their authenticity (Little India resembles a movie set), the Arab Quarter remains dingy, crowded and real. Wander along Bussorah Street, the main drag, where you’ll find halal cafes open until the early morning. Most draw a mixed crowd of Singaporeans, Lebanese, Moroccans and Indonesians, who come to smoke shisha pipes, snack on olives, flatbreads and other tidbits and occasionally watch local belly dancers shake it up.

Sunday

Noon
11) COFFEE AND KABBALAH

Take a cab to Chinatown, where young entrepreneurs have gutted classic old Chinese shop houses painted purple and pink, and turned them into a warren of new and New Agey cafes. The Whatever (20 Keong Saik Road; 65-6224-0300; www.whatever.com.sg) is a cafe that serves organic salads, soups and nutty coffee (10 Singapore dollars for breakfast), along with yoga, reiki and enough kabbalah books to satisfy Madonna.

2 p.m.
12) SPA ISLAND

For a quick getaway, Sentosa is an island resort over a causeway bridge, or eight minutes on the new Sentosa Express monorail (www.sentosa.com.sg). The resort is being developed with two new casinos, but for now you can stroll through lush green scenery and small, Disney-esque theme parks. If you tire, stop at quiet Tanjong Beach. Or head for a rubdown at Sentosa’s Spa Botanica (65-6371-1318; www.spabotanica.com), a pleasure palace set inside tropical gardens and complete with an open-air volcanic mud bath. A 90-minute steam bath and massage costs 170 Singapore dollars.

The Basics

Singapore Airlines flies nonstop from Newark to Singapore. A recent Internet search found fares starting at $1,575 for January. Cheaper fares can sometimes be found with non-direct service, with changes in places like Bangkok or Tokyo.

For colonial-era décor and exhaustive pampering, check into the Raffles (1 Beach Road; 65-6337-1886; www.singapore-raffles.raffles.com). Dating back to 1887, the hotel has been painstakingly restored and is staffed by Indian attendants in white coats with gold tassels. Rooms start at around 1,000 Singapore dollars, about $680 at 1.47 Singapore dollars to the U.S. dollar.

Singapore has also blossomed with boutique hotels. The New Majestic Hotel (31-37 Bukit Pasoh Road; 65-6511-4700; www.newmajestichotel.com) enlisted local contemporary artists to design each room, including one covered wall to floor in mirrors. Rooms from 300 Singapore dollars.

The Royal Peacock (55 Keong Saik Road; 65-6223-3522; www.royalpeacockhotel.com), in a converted Chinese shop house, offers nicely designed rooms starting at 135 Singapore dollars. For deep hotel discounts, try www.asiarooms.com, though you may have to pay for the room in advance.

For event listings, check out Time Out Singapore (www.timeout.com/sg/en/), I-S (www.is-weekend.com), a free local magazine, or The Straits Times (www.straitstimes.com), the leading English-language newspaper.

2011年4月26日 星期二

校園 (大學與公司)

與一些校園交往較深 東海大學的達40餘載
台灣大學的才12-3年
這兩校園在台灣的環境下 都還算可以的

美國大公司的總部 也常稱為 campus (拉丁文 原意只是 field 原野)
August 10, 2009 IBM Corp. recently held a massive brainstorming session among college students and others on campus ...


我曾經在越南等地見過台商的工廠的經營 類似 campus
可是 建築物與人材 可比好的或豐富的大學略差點或差多了





交心

希望の湯

「がんばっぺし」元気もわかす希望の湯 岩手

2011年4月26日17時7分


写真:がれきの中に作られた「復興の湯」=岩手県陸前高田市、田村写す拡大がれきの中に作られた「復興の湯」=岩手県陸前高田市、田村写す

写真:「復興の湯」(左)の前では、津波に耐えて残った桜が満開になった=24日、岩手県陸前高田市、川津陽一撮影拡大「復興の湯」(左)の前では、津波に耐えて残った桜が満開になった=24日、岩手県陸前高田市、川津陽一撮影

写真:途切れなく利用者が訪れる「鶴乃湯」。周囲には津波のがれきが残る=岩手県釜石市、田村写す拡大途切れなく利用者が訪れる「鶴乃湯」。周囲には津波のがれきが残る=岩手県釜石市、田村写す

写真:「ほんと生き返った」。「鶴乃湯」の脱衣場ではみなさっぱりとした表情だ=岩手県釜石市、田村写す拡大「ほんと生き返った」。「鶴乃湯」の脱衣場ではみなさっぱりとした表情だ=岩手県釜石市、田村写す

 がれきが山積みになったままの町でも、被災者らの頑張りで少しずつ風呂に入れるようになってきた。新たな共同浴場が作られたり、銭湯が無料で営業を再開したりしている。疲れ切った体と心を温めて、明日への元気を養う。

 津波で市街地が壊滅的な被害を受けた岩手県陸前高田市に共同浴場「復興の湯」がある。自宅を失った避難所暮らしの被災者が協力し、公民館の倉庫を借りて作った。

 男湯と女湯は板で仕切られ、入浴時間は正午から午後10時まで。湧き水を2台のボイラーで沸かし、地元の建築会社が作った木製の湯船には一度に10人近くが入浴できる。

 「ああ、疲れが吹っ飛ぶ」。近くの避難所にいる山崎亮さん(26)は2日に一度、足を運ぶ。震災前は隣の大船渡市で働いていたが、通勤手段を失い、今は避難所の運営を手伝う。湯で顔をこすりながら「これが一番の楽しみだ」と息をついた。

 今月3日の完成以来、避難所などからやって来る被災者は1日約400人。手伝いの男性は「みんなね、風呂に入る前と出た後とで表情が違うよ。すっきりした顔をしている」と笑う。

 浴場作りの中心になった高萩善夫さん(65)は「風呂に入ると、心まで裸になって何でもしゃべれるんだ。涙流す人もいて『がんばっぺし』って励まし合ってる」と語る。「この浴場はみんなでやり遂げた最初の仕事。だから、ここが復興第一号だと思ってる」

 同県釜石市の銭湯「鶴乃湯」は、浸水した1階部分から大量の泥やがれきを撤去して4日から営業を再開した。終戦直後から続く老舗。市の支援もあり、今月末まで無料で営業する。

 近くに住む男性(73)は、津波で水道や電気が止まって入浴ができず、営業再開初日の一番風呂につかった。「気持ちよくて、5年以上も寿命が延びたような気持ちがした」

 40年以上前、まだ自宅に風呂がなかった頃に、幼稚園児の長男を連れて通っていた。「懐かしさがこみ上げて、二重に疲れが癒やされた。ありがたいなぁ」。がれきの中を歩き、毎日通っている。

 経営者の山崎和雄さん(62)は「年々お客が減って、銭湯はこのまま消えゆく運命と思っていた。こんな形で皆さんのお役に立ててうれしい」。毎日、400人以上が訪れている。(田村剛)

2011年4月25日 星期一

申根協定之考驗Pope urges Europe to welcome migrants from North Africa

Religion | 24.04.2011

Pope urges Europe to welcome migrants from North Africa

In his Easter sermon, Pope Bendict VI lamented the violence and conflicts in North Africa and the Middle East and called on Europe to accept more migrants from war-torn countries.

In his traditional Easter message to the world Pope Bendict XVI contrasted the joy of the Easter season with the violence and strife in North Africa and the Middle East and called on Europe to welcome more migrants from war-torn areas like Libya.

"Here, in this world of ours, the Easter hallelujah still contrasts with the cries and laments that arise from so many painful situations: deprivation, hunger, disease, war, violence," he said in his "urbi et orbi" (to the city and the world) address.

He urged diplomacy in Libya, where NATO is involved in a mission to contain a deadly conflict between forces loyal to Moammar Gadhafi and rebel factions demanding his resignation.

Respect for human rights

The faithful crowd St. Peter's square during Easter massBildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Around 100,000 flocked to St. Peter's Square in Rome

The 84-year-old pope presided at mass for more than 100,000 people who had flocked to a flower-strewn St. Peter's Square in Rome.

The pope, who delivered his Easter greetings in 65 languages, appealed to European governments to welcome those trying to escape war in their countries.

"May help come from all sides to those fleeing conflict and to refugees from various African countries who have been obliged to leave all that is dear to them," he said.

Over the last month, a row over how to handle thousands of refugees from North Africa, has caused ructions in the EU, with Italy complaining that it has been left to its own devices dealing with migrants flocking to the tiny Italian island of Lampedusa.

Pope Benedict also urged peaceful co-existence in Ivory Coast, which has been embroiled in a violent and deadly conflict, triggered by a standoff between ousted President Laurent Gbagbo and newly-elected President Alassane Ouattara.

First TV address

On Good Friday, in a pre-recorded program broadcast on Italian state television, the pope responded to seven questions put forward by selected lay people around the world. It marked a new attempt by the head of the Roman Catholic Church to freshen up his image.

The program took the format of an Italian TV chat show, with a moderator and a panel of experts before a studio audience. He answered questions about ongoing conflicts in Africa and the Middle East as well as controversial issues such as euthanasia.

Author: Nicole Goebel (Reuters, dpa, KNA)
Editor: Andreas Illmer




法國欲暫停申根協定阻北非難民大量湧入
2011-04-24 大洋網-廣州日報
一位突尼斯難民在意法邊境靠近意大利一側,成功拿到了短期申根簽証,即將前往法國。
據新華社電 法國政府22日放風說,歐洲《申根協定》需要“升級”,法國打算暫停執行這一允許申根區國家人員自由流動的協定,阻擋利比亞和突尼斯非法移民。


法國意大利



相互推卸責任


法國挑頭發起對利比亞軍事行動,但在安置非法移民上與另一個參與對利軍事行動的歐盟國家意大利互相推脫責任。

一名法國總統府人士22日說,《申根協定》有缺陷,需要考慮建立一種機制,允許在歐洲聯盟邊境外部出現“系統性混亂”時暫停執行協議,直到問題解決。

《申根協定》規定,持有任何申根區國家有效身份証件的人可在所有申根國家境內自由流動,不受邊境檢查。

北非國家突尼斯、利比亞局勢動蕩引發難民潮。據聯合國難民署統計,自今年2月以來,兩萬多名非法移民乘船經地中海來到意大利最南端的蘭佩杜薩島。

意大利官員多次呼籲歐盟承擔安置責任,但歐盟拒絕。意大利稍後開始向這些非法移民發放有效期6個月的居留証。按照《申根協定》,持這種居留証的人可以自由進出所有申根國家。

由于突尼斯通用法語,不少突尼斯非法移民獲意大利居留証後試圖進入法國。法方對意大利政府這一做法表示強烈不滿。


《申根協定》



能否繼續存在?


《申根協定》簽署于1985年6月,現有25個歐洲國家加入,大約4億民眾可無需出示護照,自由進出這些申根國家。來自北非的非法移民潮令這份協定面臨新挑戰。一些申根國家圍繞難民問題產生嚴重分歧,使歐盟陷入兩難境地。不少人擔心,協定能否繼續存在?

法國極右翼政黨國民陣線主席馬琳‧勒龐希望法國退出協定。

2011年4月22日 星期五

加州今昔 (1975 v 2010?)

<標靶北半球>加州今昔  ■張至璋
《2011/04/23》

 伯克萊加大最近對加州居民做了項調查,加州是不是適合居住的地方?被調查者中只有 39%認為「是」。該校 1985年對加州居民做過同樣調查,答「是」的高達 78%, 39的兩倍。而 1960年代加州移民熱時代的民調,認為加州適合美國人居住的高達 90%以上。

 從最早的調查到現在,前後相隔約五十年,百分比從 90掉到 39,落差也大約五十。加州的居住滿意度,平均一年掉一個百分點,離現在越近掉得越厲害,儘管五十年來北加州發展出矽谷,南加州商業和影藝業興盛,整個加州生產力對世界舉足輕重,但是居民的不滿意度越來越高。舉 1975年和現在的幾項比較數字:

  1975年加州人口 2150萬, 2011年 3880萬人,加上非法移民大約四千萬。

 加州西班牙裔人口(主要為墨西哥) 1975年 270萬,現在 1360萬。

 牛奶價格 1975年每加侖 1.57元,現在 3.5元。

 加大學費 1975年 647元,現在 1萬 1279元。

 加州中間家庭收入 1975年 1萬 7393元,現在 5萬 6134元。

 至於房價,舉州長布朗租屋為例, 1975年他在加州首府沙加緬度第 14街租的單間公寓,月租 250元。 2010年他再度當選,在同樣地區相隔兩條街,第 16街也租個單間公寓,這個月租金升到 2300元。布朗是以節省出名的美國政治家。

  加州人不滿意加州的主要原因是,舊金山和洛杉磯兩大都市房價高,可是多處房價跌落貸款額以下,人們不是買不起房子,就是財產縮水,乃至拋棄房屋,躲避貸 款。另一原因是墨西哥裔合法或非法移民人口增加太快。最近加州人口普查,白人只佔一半,墨裔佔三分之一多,然後是亞裔和非裔。墨裔人口雖然增長快速,但也 帶來大量勞工,有助穩定社會勞力市場,可是傳統上白人多半不願意和其他種族雜居,即使他們反對種族歧視。

 另外失業率高,大學學費高,各地道路擁擠,也使加州逐漸喪失魅力。主持這次調查的伯克萊加大政治學教授斯特林說,社會、文化、經濟層面的改變,人們對加州的未來已不復往年樂觀。
  可是加州仍然是海外,特別是亞洲學子和就業的理想市場,這歸功於矽谷高科技,和史丹福及加大幾個分校的教學聲譽。儘管有許多不利居住的統計數字,可是也有 好的一面,例如暴力犯罪的每 10萬人比例, 1975年有 655件,現在 453件,說明加州人口增加,犯罪率降低。

 雖然失業率高,買不起房子,可是加州成功的企業家很多, 1975年比爾蓋茲只有 19歲,微軟剛在萌芽,現在他是全美首富,身價 540億元。

 調查歸調查,倘佯漁人碼頭,瀏覽各地小鎮,豪華購物中心,各國餐館美食,藍天下,微風中,快樂歌曲,愉快面孔,加州仍然是加州。

2011年4月21日 星期四

石燈伴老樹 ( 竹林山觀音寺)/ Treasured cherry tree blooms/哲學之道

哲學之道

最近到京都我常常忍著不再去哲學之道。
太多的人、太多的店,以至於太多的喧囂。
許多美好的回憶就留在哲學之道。
從南禪寺到銀閣寺,從安靜走到寂寥;
我遠遠地懷念那一條無人小道。

哲學之道
曾郁雯/攝影

錦小路

如果可能的話,我一定要到京都居遊。
落腳處最好就是錦小路。
每天騎單車或走路去買菜,
每天在這個京都人的廚房逗留閒逛。
不放過錦市場的第一攤到最後一攤,
彌補每次只能蜻蜓點水的遺憾。

錦小路
曾郁雯/攝影
石燈伴老樹 文、攝影/陳文榮
《2011/04/13 07:32》

 竹林山觀音寺前公園裡,矗立兩座日本風格的石燈,全部以石頭打造,堆砌而成,高約二公尺五十公分。內側雕「奉獻」楷書兩字,外側則雕「昭和十二年十月建之」,另一行寫「新莊郡生徒兒童」兩行小字。
 部份年長的遊客,看到這兩座日本神社的建物,怎麼會出現在寺廟的公園裡?十分好奇。
 好友金田兄告訴我,這兩座石燈日治時代放置於新莊的神社。光復時,神社拆除,竹林山觀音寺要求石燈遷移到現址放置。
 昭和十二年即民國二十六年,西元一九三七年,石燈建置經費由新莊區各學校學生等捐款完成。
 竹林寺四十幾年前,於公園內遍植花木,其中以櫻花樹,榕樹最多。一棵櫻花樹剛好種在石燈旁邊。
 每年春節前後,櫻花盛開,新春期間,香客絡繹不絕,賞花民眾,流連櫻花樹下,遊客們不必擠到陽明山賞花。
 幾年前老樹因病蟲害逐漸凋萎,唯獨石燈旁的一棵老櫻花,依然健在,以傲然古樸之姿,屹立石燈之旁。
 每年春天櫻花盛開時節,構成絕美的畫面。這幾天發現石燈旁的老櫻花綻放迷人的丰釆。氣象報告說明天開始變天,又要下雨了。盛開的櫻花不堪雨滴的澆淋,一夕之間,花容變色,憔悴凋零。
 賞花趁早,今年過了,就得等到明年,萬一老樹枯萎,等同樣的場景重現,恐無緣再見了。趁天色尚早,趕緊再去賞花並拍了幾張「石燈伴老樹」的鏡頭,萬一雨來了,才不會有所遺憾。

Treasured cherry tree blooms in quake-hit Fukushima

BY KENICHIRO SAITO STAFF WRITER

2011/04/22


photo

People enjoy the cherry blossoms of one of Japan's oldest cherry trees in Miharu, Fukushima Prefecture. (Masaru Komiyaji)

After the Great East Japan Earthquake rattled Miharu, Fukushima Prefecture, on March 11, cracks were found on local roadways. But one of Japan's national treasures was spared.

Miharu-takizakura (waterfall cherry tree) is one of three cherry trees in Japan believed to be more than 1,000 years old. It is currently in full bloom.

Normally, thousands of people flock to Miharu-takizakura during hanami season, but this year special bus services and tree illumination were canceled because of the damage caused by the March 11 quake, which hit the town with an intensity of upper 5.

Miharu is about 50 kilometers from the leaking Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant--well outside the 20-km evacuation zone--but tourist numbers are down for Miharu-takizakura.

About 60,000 people, one-fifth the normal amount, have visited the famous cherry tree, according to the tourist association in Miharu.

But Miharu-takizakura is not forgotten. The town has received a great number of heartfelt messages by telephone from across the nation showing concerns over the health of the tree.

Miharu is glad to report that its national treasure is just fine, and is currently showing of its pink-hued splendor.

米埔自然護理區(Mai Po Nature Reserve)

米埔溼地行 文、繪圖∕劉克襄
《中華 2011/04/21》

斑翡翠
 半甲子前,我在關渡做鳥類觀察時,米埔是最嚮往的溼地典範。
 當時一直期待,有朝一日關渡沼澤區能夠成為像米埔一樣的保育環境。後來有幾回過境香港,都想前往參觀。有一回抽得空閒,倉促前往,臨時未申請,自是無法進入。最後只能在周遭水塘,匆匆賞鳥。
 去年冬末應邀旅遊局之邀,才有機會深入。以前未進去時,光是在周遭水塘觀察,水鳥的 豐富已夠讓人驚奇。這回依然,大群鸕鶿在電線桿和苦楝枯樹上,壯觀地佇立或起落。
 米埔溼地目前由世界自然基金會香港分會經營,從 1983年迄今,進行各種學術研究教育工作,成績斐然。基金會在溼地外圍設有辦公大樓和服務中心,我們抵達時,解說員張詩敏小姐已經等候多時。在她帶領下,緩步進入溼地。

 張小姐個頭不高,但很專業地扛著單筒望遠鏡。走沒幾步路,我們旋即發現天空有隻白肩鵰盤飛。這還是第一次看到白肩鵰。沒多久,又有一隻,站在電線桿上,慢慢地享用一隻剛剛捕捉到的大魚。一隻鸕鶿也佇立電線上頭,不及兩公尺處,卻視而不見,豪無畏懼之意。

 走一小段路後,抵達大門入口。先在小木屋登記,方能進入。一般遊客到來,眼前只有一條不起眼的村徑,可以走進。入口有一四方小水坑,鞋子必須踩進這一水坑消毒,防止禽流感,再踏上沼澤區。

 村徑左邊是漁塭養殖池,屬於一家楊氏水產公司,左邊才是米埔的基圍溼地。基圍是過去的漁塭,在溼地基金會的維護和經營下,栽種了不少水生植物,成為適合更多水鳥棲息的環境。左邊的漁塭有許多鐵桿佇立。

  以前的漁塭老板很不喜歡鸕鶿。鸕鶿和鷺鷥科鳥類在漁塭恣意捉魚,造成不小的損失。漁塭主人為了保護自己辛苦養殖的魚種,都想要驅趕牠們,但現今接手的老板 觀點迥異。他覺得鸕鶿也是這塊溼地的主人,應該共同享有此地的食物資源,因而並未進行驅散。昔時漁塭旁邊杵著的鳥網桿,仍然佇立著,讓鸕鶿在此仍有飛降、 捕魚的位置。

 時間接近中午,有一群香港中學生在前方聆聽溼地課。村徑旁有水翁、細葉榕、木麻黃、黃槿、蒲桃、苦楝和朴子等等防風樹種,除了前兩種,其它在台灣都相當常見。一路都立有解說牌,也有分岔的村徑 ,各自引進一間間賞鳥小木屋,或者通往其它村徑。

 每一塊基圍都 有刻意栽種的海岸植物,或蘆葦或紅樹木,有時則為空曠之地,吸引岸鳥到來。除了鸕鶿外,還有諸多水鳥在淺水的環境忙碌覓食。我熱切渴望在此邂逅全身雪白帶著黑斑的大翠鳥,斑翡翠,但撞見幾個秀麗的環境後,便不再強求。

 其它淺灘鳥種的喧囂活動,也再次吸引了我的注意。此地溼地有一種熱鬧,那是目前關渡沼澤相當欠缺的。關渡沼澤因周遭緩衝地減少,整塊沼澤和基隆河紅樹林間,又有一條寬闊的自行車道分割,嚴重影響水鳥群飛進內陸沼澤的意願。

 從賞鳥小屋遠眺,前方水灘再度出現上百隻水鳥覓食的盛況。後頭更是熱鬧,一排樹叢龐大數量的鸕鶿鳥群羅列枯枝。但後頭的後頭,更有迷人的風景。遠遠的邊際,深圳的商業大樓,高大如長城大山般 矗立。如此層次,如此城鄉強烈對比,教人對此塊的保育更感到窩心。

 據說深圳那兒也有塊福田保育溼地中心出現了,面積比米埔這一塊更大。整個珠海三角洲據說有四塊大溼地。果真如此,大陸的溼地環境維護,算是踏出一大步,很期待未來這些溼地亦能扮演更大的保育功能。

 抵達保育中心時,我看到一隻黑色型的棕背伯勞。嚮導說,日本觀鳥者來香港賞鳥,只要看到黑色的鳥類往往驚喜地哇叫。這話我相信,因為日本沒有烏秋。香港烏秋也很少見。小白鷺和蒼鷺較為普遍。可惜,我還是未看到斑翡翠,連尋常的翠鳥聲都未聽聞。

 保育中心是間密覆著綠色植物的矮房,隱密地座落著,不跟周遭環境砥觸。後頭水塘,許多鸕鶿和其它水鳥棲息樹枝頭,離房子很近。我們走出去,鳥群並不畏生。整個教育中心非常簡單,主要是做研究和 調查。

  目前教育中心的負責人是文賢繼教授,我和他交換心得。沒聊幾句,發現好多台灣觀鳥專家都是他的朋友。賞鳥這件事,其實很難有國界之分,凡關心者都是友人, 我們一下子便談得熱絡。文教授來自大陸內地,十年前加入世界自然基金會,負責米埔自然保護區管理濕地的培訓項目,具備豐富的溼地知識和經驗。

 米埔現有三百八十公頃,約莫關渡的八倍大。緩衝區溼地則有一千五百公頃。若以溼地面積而論,或許不夠,但對大都會來講已經相當棒了。

  如今它面臨的最大問題是周遭的污染,珠江三角洲帶來的泥沙陸化非常嚴重,必須不斷疏伐。不過,米埔現在也是大陸生態保育者到香港取經的聖地,畢竟這兒已經 有四五十年的經驗,失敗和成功的案例相對豐富,足以做為各地海岸的參考,或者以此避免再 重蹈覆轍。文教授跟我對話時,特別提到此一狀態。他很客氣,特別 稱讚關渡自然溼地公園的解說教育很成功,很值得他們學習。

 但我們有比較好嗎?應該學人家的,恐怕更多吧?

 回來去的路,我們繞了一段溼地的小徑體驗。沿著枕木走進蜿蜒的蘆葦叢或紅樹林,風景別致不說,更是很難得的溼地體驗。只是未邂逅斑翡翠,還是有些遺憾。只好期待擇日,前往金門觀看了。

****
维基百科,自由的百科全书

米埔位置圖

米埔內后海灣拉姆薩爾國際重要濕地英語Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site),在當地稱為米埔自然護理區Mai Po Nature Reserve),是一片位於香港元朗區北面米埔一帶的濕地。於冬天時,濕地有不少來自中國北部西伯利亞的候鳥在此過冬。

護理區範圍包括大榔基石山尖鼻咀一帶的濕地,當地亦是深圳河山貝河天水圍渠流浮山河)[來源請求])的河口,佔地約1,500公頃。米埔自然護理區本身是一個禁區,而邊界道路以外更屬於邊境禁區,可說是雙重禁區。

米埔濕地被紀錄於《國際重要濕地名錄》中。

目錄

[隐藏]

[編輯] 歷史

米埔自然護理區內的紀念碑

米埔一帶從前是一個養殖隻的地方,在濕地中使用基圍進行養殖。1950年韓戰爆發,當時的港英政府將香港跟中國大陸接壤的土地劃為邊境禁區,當中包括米埔濕地。這限制了其發展之餘,米埔濕地的自然生態環境一直都並無得到任何形式的保護。直到英國1976年加入《濕地公約》(拉姆薩爾公約),其條款於1979年延伸至當時為殖民地香港,同時港英政府將米埔濕地列為「具特殊科學價值地點」,予以保護。1984年港英政府將米埔濕地交予世界自然(香港)基金會管理,並藉此推行環境保護及教育工作。1995年米埔濕地正式根據國際濕地公約列為國際重要濕地。1997年香港主權移交後,米埔濕地轉列為中國的國際重要濕地。

[編輯] 特色

從觀鳥屋望向基圍全景

米埔濕地每年有超過60,000隻的水鳥過冬,候鳥品種包括勺咀鷸小青腳鷸半蹼鷸灰尾鷸黑嘴鷗黑臉琵鷺。其中米埔濕地錄得黑臉琵鷺的數目更佔全球總數的25%。這些候鳥主要在春季秋季出現,有達30,000隻禽鳥同一時間棲身於米埔濕地的泥灘,以作長途遷徙旅程的中途歇息之處。

此外,米埔濕地也有許多野生生物在此定居,包括超過400種昆蟲、300種雀鳥、18種哺乳動物、21種爬行動物、90種海洋無脊椎動物及50種蝴蝶。而米埔濕地的潮間帶紅樹林適應當地海岸生長,並提供落葉給水生動物維生,而面積更為廣東省第1、中國第6。

而米埔濕地的中心地區則保留了24個傳統基圍蝦塘,位於潮間區的淺水地帶。基圍蝦塘現時仍維持營運,成為華南地區僅存的同類作業。每年4月至10月是基圍蝦塘的作業期,蝦苗來自由后海灣沖入基圍的小蝦,以蝦塘內的浮游生物維生。到了每年11月至3月期間,基圍蝦塘會被輪流放乾,露出水面的泥濘及大量魚類,成為各種以捕食魚類為生的鳥類(包括蒼鷺白鷺黑臉琵鷺)的覓食和棲息地點。而這種獨特的養蝦方式有利於米埔濕地的生態價值,對米埔濕地的濕地資源有可持續發展,並充份利用米埔濕地的天然生產能力。

[編輯] 面對問題

1990年代開始,由於深圳后海灣沿岸的工業發展,米埔濕地的生態或會受到損害,不過,到了1990年代後期,由於羅湖區的地產物業極之興旺,發展商意識到比鄰米埔濕地的深圳灣濕地所提供的大自然景觀有助推高樓價,因此都積極保護當地的生態,以令深圳灣一帶能夠發展成為高尚住宅區。這一點對米埔濕地無疑是有幫助,但由於蛇口工業區的污染物仍然有機會漂流至米埔濕地,所以當地的環境問題仍然不能忽視。

[編輯] 活動

米埔觀鳥賽在每年3月由世界自然(香港)基金會在米埔濕地舉辦,是一個國際性的觀鳥賽事。參賽者為世界各地的觀鳥高手,是世界知名的頂級觀鳥賽事之一。

[編輯] 參觀方法

根據野生動物保護條例(第170章),米埔自然保護區是一個「限制進入或處於其內的地區」,以便對保護區內野生動植物的干擾減至最低。參觀者需要持 有由漁農自然護理署署長發出的有效「進入米埔沼澤許可證」方可進入米埔自然保護區範圍。如希望經邊境禁區前往浮橋盡處的觀鳥屋觀賞后海灣泥灘的雀鳥,須另 向香港警務處申請「邊境禁區通行證」。世界自然基金會香港分會可為申請人申請通行證,請把護照個人資料頁的副本寄交基金會。申請手續一般需時四星期,每張 個人通行證的行政費為港幣100元。申請詳情可查詢基金會綱址:http://www.wwf.org.hk/getinvolved/gomaipo/spetour/

米埔濕地每年約有40,000參觀人次,其中包括約10,000名學生。學生參觀項目於逢星期一至星期五舉行,費用由教育局全 數資助,而每年的中小學校參觀活動接近400個。於逢星期六、日及公眾假期﹝農曆新年除外﹞,米埔濕地則開放給公眾人士參觀,世界自然基金會香港分會並會 安排自然導賞員作講解,一個三小時的導賞活動收費每位70港元﹝包括代辨禁區通行證﹞。參加者可網上預約參觀日期,綱址為:http://online.wwf.org.hk/booking/tc/info.html?type=PT&st=Public#1

參觀名額是相當有限,尤其是於候鳥出沒的高峰季節。

[編輯] 交通

米埔濕地並沒有任何公共運輸工具直達。最接近的公共運輸工具是行經青山公路九龍巴士76K線,來往朗屏邨粉嶺華明邨,但乘客於米埔村外的巴士站下車後要再沿担竿洲路步行前往。

前往米埔濕地的人士亦可於西鐵綫元朗站錦上路站東鐵綫上水站轉乘的士前往。[1]

[編輯] 參見

2011年4月9日 星期六

跟杭州有緣The Poetry of Hangzhou

to 鄭志庚: "謝謝 你跟杭州真的有緣...."

Next Stop

The Poetry of Hangzhou

Jackie Caradonio

Traditional pagodas and wooden sampan boats are common sights along West Lake in Hangzhou, once a refuge for painters and poets.


ON a misty afternoon in February, Lingyin Temple, a fourth-century Buddhist site that is one of China’s most important sanctuaries, felt more like a carnival than a place of worship. In large multigenerational packs, festive families were gathered for the Lunar New Year holiday, tossing fistfuls of ceremonial paper money into huge open fire pits and waving incense sticks as they jostled through crowds on their way to visit the 80-foot-high Buddha that is the building’s centerpiece. All the while they were downing fried tofu on sticks and corn on the cob and taking photos of everything on digital cameras. My family and I, possessing the only Western faces in the crowd, qualified as a photo coup — especially my towheaded toddler. “Look over here, foreign baby!” a young mother shouted as she held up her baby next to mine. The holiday period may officially last only a week, but the celebratory mood in Hangzhou seems to have permanently taken over this ever more vital city.

Multimedia

Hangzhou has always held a near mythical status in China, both for its beautiful lakeside location and as a place for meditative and spiritual retreat in times of trouble. During the culturally rich but politically disastrous Southern Song period of the 12th and 13th centuries, many of the country’s most famous painters and poets lived here, seeking escape on the banks of the tranquil, willow-shaded West Lake while influential monks established temples with towering pagodas in the quiet hilltops nearby.

For generations, schoolchildren from all over China have grown up learning verses that were inspired by this place. One of the most famous poets, Bai Ju Yi, wrote, “Remembering the Fair South,/As always, it is Hangzhou I most recall:/ Amongst the mountain temples/ I search for the osmanthus petals/ From which the moon did fall.”

And although it has never been a common destination for foreign tourists, it made a lasting impression on those who discovered it. As Marco Polo described it: “In heaven there is paradise/ On earth, Suzhou and Hangzhou.”

Today, though Hangzhou is a teeming city of eight million, foreign tourists remain rare. In 2009 it attracted 63 million visitors — Venice, by comparison, draws about 20 million annually — but only 5 percent were from outside China.

That is primed to change, with a raft of new luxury hotels and a new high-speed train arriving from Shanghai’s gleaming Hongqiao station. The train, which made its debut last October, means that the trip from Shanghai to Hangzhou is 40 minutes, compared with the three-hours-plus it used to take by car. And the voyage itself, which costs less than $20, exposes passengers to a fascinating montage of old and new China (new cookie-cutter cul-de-sacs emerge alongside derelict old structures that are quickly being razed), all at 250 miles an hour.

Despite its size, the city is laid out well for visitors, with the new and quickly growing part of Hangzhou separated from the more ancient sites by a large lake and a series of medieval canals and craggy hills in the distance. Yang Yi, a journalist for The City Express, took me on a tour of the historic He Fang Street with its bustling wood teahouses, noting his amazement and pride at the speed of development. “On the south edge of the city there used to be only acres and acres of peasant land on the opposite side of the river,” he said. “Now I just see more and more buildings.”

But even if Hangzhou’s former status as a peaceful refuge from the rough and tumble world of politics and business may be mostly symbolic at this point, it still carries heavy spiritual weight and the burgeoning middle class is streaming in to see the temples, lake and the sheltered pagodas. To me, observing the first generation of domestic travelers enjoying their leisure time and taking in the nationally beloved sites was every bit as interesting as the sites themselves.

It is clear that tourism is booming and new attractions are being opened to complement the city’s must-see staples: The city’s bike paths (dotted with the bright red bicycles provided by the city for only 50 cents a day) are crowded with Chinese tourists from Shanghai, Tianjin and Beijing; beautiful old-style restaurants like Dragon Well Mansion (notable for its excellent local and organic ingredients) serve up dishes like sea cucumber and poached river fish to well-heeled Chinese tourists showing off newfound wealth; and new museums like Zhejiang Art Museum, which opened in 2009, mix contemporary work with traditional exhibits and calligraphy in a bid to attract a younger crowd.

Not surprisingly, luxury hotels have also arrived. The Shangri-la, Aman resorts, Banyan Tree and Four Seasons have all unveiled outposts in the last few years, and the Angsara plans to open a hotel this year. The new resorts, removed from the new part of the city, have all positioned themselves to be quiet enclaves in the hubbub: the Amanfayun resort has reinvented a former tea village near Lingyin Temple and turned it into a series of pared-down villas with a destination spa and dim sum restaurant, and the Banyan Tree sits within one of the country’s most impressive wetland parks. The newest arrival, the Four Seasons, sits on a quiet bank of West Lake with over 10 acres of landscaped gardens and pavilion-like structures.

But even outside the hotels’ grounds, it is still possible to find moments of quiet inspiration. From a simple jetty, an old Chinese boatman took us out on a sampan, one of the traditional wooden boats that is Hangzhou’s equivalent of a gondola. The sound of paddling was the only thing we heard as we passed under stone-arch bridges and alongside banks of bamboo and willow trees. Skeleton-like branches peeked out of the mist; high up in the hills a lone pagoda kept watch over the lake; a fishing boat sat almost motionless in the water; a songbird rested in a willow tree. We passed secluded spots with names like Lotus on the Breeze at Crooked Courtyard, Viewing Fish at Flowers Harbor, Melting Snow at Broken Bridge and Listening to the Orioles in the Willows.

And then our lonely boat entered the main part of the lake. Pagoda-style ferries bobbed on the water, locals were taking in the sights of the smaller inner island of Three Moons Mirroring the Moon, where some set up impromptu picnics. Everyone, it seemed, wanted to be a part of Hangzhou’s new poetry.

IF YOU GO

GETTING THERE

Most foreign carriers have flights to Shanghai, and Delta is negotiating to have direct flights from Kennedy, San Francisco International and Los Angeles International airports to Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport. From Shanghai take the new high-speed train at the city’s Hongqiao station (have your hotel purchase tickets ahead of time if you are staying in Shanghai beforehand).

In Hangzhou, taxis are easy to find and cheap, but to bypass the growing congestion rent a bike (you can pick one up from Lonxiang Bridge bus station). The city plans to unveil a new metro system next year.

WHERE TO STAY

The secluded Four Seasons Hangzhou West Lake (5 Lingyin Road; 86-571-8829-8888; fourseasons.com) has doubles from $381.

Right behind Lingyin Temple, Amanfayun (22 Fayun Nong; 86-571-8732-9999; amanresorts.com) offers villas starting at $580.

The Banyan Tree (86-571-8586-0000; banyantree.com) in Xixi National Wetland Park has binoculars for birdwatchers and 72 rooms and villas with rates starting at $540.

WHAT TO SEE AND DO

The most atmospheric way to see West Lake is by a traditional wooden sampan (they cost about 100 renminbi, or $15.60 an hour, at 6.40 renminbi to the dollar), which you can catch at one of the city’s jetties.

Lingyin Temple (1 Fayun Road; 86-571-8796-8665; lingyinsi.org) is a working monastery for the monks who make their home there (you can join them in their prayers at 3:30 p.m. daily). Just outside the temple the over 400 carvings cut into the limestone known as Flying Peak are just exquisite. Admission for just the temple is 30 renminbi; with access to Flying Peak, 45 renminbi.

Another must-see is Liuhe Pagoda, with its beautiful Song Dynasty sculptures and its excellent views.

Zhejiang Art Museum (138 Nashan Road; 86-571-8707-8700; zjam.org.cn) has an interesting mix of ancient and contemporary art. Admission is free.

For a cup of the tea that Hangzhou is famous for, head to Lonjing, the village up in the hills surrounded by tea plantations that serve their tea in the main square, or to Tai Ji Cha Dao (184 He Fang Road; 86-571-878-01791), one of the traditional teahouses on He Fang Road.

In individual dining rooms at Dragon Well Manor, taste specialties from Hangzhou and Shanghai (all sourced by the owner), which range from wild duck in broth to braised pork with free range egg in a 12-course tasting menu that is 1,600 renminbi for two.

2011年4月7日 星期四

我讀台師大時(陳義芝)

黑冠麻鷺在校園漫步──回想台師大的日子


〈大學校園巡禮〉第二站:國立台灣師範大學

每當我走入總圖書館,看到左側校史展區牆上一大串星月爭輝的名字:溥心畬、梁實秋……總有不廢江河萬古流之感……

三十年前我初到《聯合報‧副刊》任職,瘂弦問起台師大授課的老師,「有沒有趕上謝冰瑩的時代?」我說沒有。早於1970年代的文藝青年不可能不知道寫《女兵自傳》的謝先生,有一段時間我還以為她是冰心(本名謝婉瑩)的妹妹。

師大校園裡,黑冠麻鷺與鴿子散步的地方。
圖片提供/陳義芝
謝先生任教台師大是在劉真校長主掌校務時,即1940年代末、1960年代以前。據記載,大學之有「新文藝習作」課,始於謝冰瑩執教華北文法學院。台師大的 「新文藝習作」課,也許與謝先生有關。瘂弦又問:「有沒有趕上牟先生?」指的是牟宗三。1950年起,牟先生四十出頭,在台師大教了六年書,主講「理則 學」、「哲學概論」、「中國哲學史」。早年我在台中師專念書,以熊十力《讀經示要》指導學生的周人傑老師是牟先生的學生,我算是間接啟蒙,讀了一些牟先生 的著作。90年代我去香港新亞研究所聽課,時牟先生講學於新亞。我因主修文學,來去時間緊迫,沒能坐定於牟先生課堂,不二年他就辭世,終於未把握住親聆教 誨的最後機會。但牟先生的《理則學》幫我在公務員高等考試拿過高分,我的邏輯認識,悉來自於此。

黑冠麻鷺。
(圖/本報記者林錫銘攝影)

















牟 先生曾撰文追憶熊十力的生命丰姿,感嘆抗戰時學風士習之斲喪,主張大學要迎納有真生命、真性情的學人,「藏龍臥虎,豪傑歸焉,雖駁而不純,蕩而無歸,然猶 有真人存焉」。駁而不純,反倒能形成多元相激之勢;蕩而無歸,雖未必收得確切成效,但疏通引導的意義已經發生。今天學界中之活動,紛繁爭競、看似蓬勃,也 有不少是制式僵化的,是餖飣瑣碎的。學者需要同一的標準,在差不多的模式裡做差不多的事嗎?我每想起牟先生那一代,未嘗不為獨來獨往的慧命沉吟而體悟;是 的,學術氣機不存在於窄陋的學術機關,不存在於標準規格的氣場。

1975年我服完兵役,決定到台北,一心念台師大。已經放棄了高考分發的公務員職位,為了生計,白天留在小學任教,晚上才去師大上課。忘了是哪一位先生將 國文系師承上溯至曾國藩;曾國藩〈聖哲畫像記〉稱文、周、孔、孟……韓、柳、歐、曾、李、杜、蘇、黃等三十二人為聖哲,將經緯萬匯之道歸之於「禮」,他既 是中興名臣,也是一代文學家。我年少同情石達開、李秀成,不解曾氏何以要滅太平天國,坐擁清朝半壁江山而不乘時反清?後來發現答案乃在禮教存亡之際,他 「毅然有守先待後,舍我其誰之志」。1950年代,台師大國文系是台灣最早成立碩博士班的大學,我的老師將師大國文系繫連上清代學術系統,緣於當年主導系 所學術發展的林尹、高明、潘重規等先生都是黃侃的學生;黃侃是章太炎的學生,章太炎是俞樾的學生,曾國藩則是俞樾的主考官。這一譜系看似無稽,但在講道統 的國文系,並非全無精神意義。

國家二級古蹟──台師大小禮堂,經常舉行詩歌音樂活動。
圖片提供/陳義芝
我 讀台師大國文系時,除了楊昌年老師教的「新文藝習作」一門課外,其餘皆古典。詩、詞、曲、古文作業且都規定以毛筆書寫。有的老師穿西裝,有的老師仍慣穿長 袍,他們在學院外的名氣未必頂大,但確實學有專精,尤其可貴的是上一代學人在古典領域的博通,不自限於詞章、義理或考據單獨一門。

中文學問最宜講究的就是不要問所學對眼前有何裨益,它是超脫於一時一地,有如「修道」之旨趣。回想台師大的日子,我最難忘汪中老師的名士風神,在課堂上他 有時會咬一根菸斗,氤逸著甜香的菸絲味,隔個兩三周就發下一份他自作手寫的詩稿影本給同學,字構挺秀帶著隨興的飄逸。那時我們太幼稚,什麼都不懂,只隨手 夾進書裡,沒好好讀,更不用說能有什麼心得感想。有一次默寫古詩十九首,我模仿老師的字體,發卷時老師問:「陳義芝是哪一位?」他面帶微笑說,「字寫得不 錯……」有一首古典詩習作,老師評為「高華」,我一直保存著那份卷子,這幾年因數度搬家,不知封存在哪一個箱子裡,一時無從翻尋。

出入於經史,以《雲在盦詩稿》稱譽的沈秋雄老師,指導我讀學庸,也常在我胸臆繫念。我任教過的私立復興中學,就是沈老師介紹我去的。從前的中文系不乏才高 的飲者,師友酬唱之風迷人,或「步韻奉和」或「次韻奉答」,或「走筆和之」,既考驗詩藝,也顯揚情懷。「一曲聆君頭欲白,不辭爛醉作生涯」,這是沈老師的 詩。對世事敏感的人文知識分子,當無可奈何之世,酒成了蒼涼而可樂之友。沈老師上課有時會帶著一張微醺的臉來。1970年代的學生不但不以為意,還頗欣賞 才子老師的性情。而今學院規矩森森,學生有權考評老師;寂寞獨尋、縱情放逸已不受高牆中人欣賞,大學風景從而遜色不少。

我讀台師大時,租了一間小房在和平東路尾,門前有一條小河,前方是田壩子,遠處是公墓;搭公車到和平東路頭的學校,只需十分鐘。1967年台師大始改名國 立台灣師範大學,之前是台灣省立師範大學,簡稱師大。當時和平東路兩側多矮房,店家不多。我曾想,如果當年能讓校門前那一段和平東路行車地下化,使校本 部、教育學院區、學生宿舍區合在一起,甚至多徵收點周邊土地,現在的主要校區就不致顯得那麼小了。上學期我問新入學的學生入學後感想,有好幾位頗以校園內 不能奔馳單車為憾。如果問我這個新進教師有什麼感想,我想到「圓」這個字。畢業後極難得與師大聯繫,沒想到三十年後還是回返原地。

我沒查校史,但能確定很多系所都是從前沒有的,例如:圖文傳播、光電科技、海洋環境、歐洲文化與觀光、表演藝術、餐旅管理與教育、台灣文化及語言文學…… 總計十個學院,將近六十系所,顯然已從培育師資轉型為一所全方位的大學。每當我走入總圖書館,看到左側校史展區牆上一大串星月爭輝的名字:溥心畬、梁實 秋、郭廷以、黃君璧、田培林、陳可忠、劉真、朱德群、余光中、許常惠、席德進、廖修平、鄭善禧、董陽孜……總有不廢江河萬古流之感。他們或執教或受教,鮮 明的跡痕增添了台師大的光采。

這棟古雅建築,是台師大最國際化的大樓,以國語教學中心、法語教學中心聞名。
圖片提供/陳義芝
由 於擁有「國語教學中心」、「法語教學中心」、「英語文教學中心」,麗水街旁的校區經常可見外國學生進出。春來,孔子銅像後的桃花盛開,當我經過,不免想像 那些高矮胖瘦的年輕洋同學,膚色不同、國度不同,先來後到,偶然又碰頭在桃樹跟前,會不會輕輕地說一聲中文:「噢,你也在這裡嗎?」

阿勃勒是台師大的校樹,俗名黃金雨,和平東路兩個校區都有,特別是校本部進門兩旁各植一長排,初春此刻,樹枝懸垂著一支支綠色筆管型的莢果,不像夏天開黃 花時麗人般的綺美誘人,倒像是一列書生在程門立雪。校園有好幾棟二級古蹟建築,都超過八十年歷史了,深紅色面磚、洗石子磚柱,紅白相間,加上尖拱屋頂、古 堡城垛、雕花窗台,極樸雅古意。

我最常流連的地方,當然是文學院大樓,不管在研究室或上課的教室。窗前,高大的茄苳與小葉欖仁吸引了數不清的鳥來這裡當莊園,吱吱啾啾婉轉不停,葉隙閃動 著光,我瞇眼望向枝叢深處出神,鳥啼像風的舞者、水波跳動的光,更像心思撒出去的一張細網;由於眼力不足,我只能看到如小拳頭大的一群綠鳥搶枝、振翼,瞬 即隱匿。人的世界與鳥的世界一樣,在歡唱中代代傳衍,嘻嘻哈哈年輕的學生像鳥,西瓜節、湯圓會、啦啦隊比賽……一大堆活動,在校園擁有全部的春天!而我, 只偶爾在茄苳樹下喝杯咖啡,去到側門餐廳點一客麵食,遙想從前,我也有綠繡眼般輕靈的歲月啊,一轉眼卻像端肅的教士、一隻黑冠麻鷺,只偶爾,挺直著腰桿漫 步。

台灣師大簡史

國立台灣師範大學,簡稱師大、台師大或台灣師大,前身為1946年成立的台灣省立師範學院,是台灣歷史最悠久的師範大學,歷任校長劉真、郭為藩、梁尚勇等人,現任校長張國恩。

台灣師大校訓

誠正勤樸

台灣師大校歌

李季谷 詞/蕭而化 曲

教育國之本,師範尤尊崇,勤吾學,進吾德,健吾躬。
系分科別,途轍雖異匯一宗。學成期大用,師資責任重。
吾儕相親相勉,終不負初衷。台灣山川氣象雄,重歸祖國樂融融。
教育會其通,世界進大同。教育會其通,世界進大同。

(作者:陳義芝/1953年生,台灣師範大學國文系畢業,現任台灣師範大學國文系副教授)

【2011/04/07 聯合報】

2011年4月6日 星期三

台塑六輕到國光石化

2010年台塑六輕廠區成為全國惡聲相向的目標

2011年 則是 國光石化案

經濟部長施顏祥表示國光石化可能外移,造成損失難以估算。
台大大氣科學系教授徐光蓉表示此一說法可笑,石化產業中下游早就出走到中國,台灣硬要把石化上游產業留在台灣,只是回到三十年前加工出口區的產業政策思維。

徐光蓉認為,台灣不需要國光石化這類高耗能、高汙染產業,犧牲環境、人民健康,卻只能賺取微薄利潤。台大農經系系主任徐世勳昨天提出國光石化縮小規模後評 估數據,發現國光石化開發案導致的罹病成本達四十六億四千萬元,若加上壽命減少、無法工作等成本,造成的健康成本損失在五十億到五十五億元間。

「國光石化為石化上游產業,創造不了多少就業機會。」徐光蓉說,真正能創造就業、附加價值的中下游產業,老早就出走到中國大陸,中下游空洞化,台灣掌握上游也只是在作中國的「加工出口區」。

徐光蓉說,國光石化本來就應在國外建廠,且中油、台塑產品具有競爭力,是因政府強力補貼。除了補每度三元、一天用上四十萬度的水資源,還有便宜給地、便宜能源,「石化產業在台灣占盡便宜。」經濟部若真的認為國光那麼好,建議花博結束後把國光搬過來,或蓋在經濟部隔壁。

六輕在政府產業升級條例及獎勵投資貧瘠地區的推波助瀾下,投資金額兩成還可抵稅。徐光蓉說,六輕投資六千億,就能抵一千兩百億營利事業所得稅,台灣產業在台塑六輕興建後並未突飛猛進。

2011年4月1日 星期五

the-meadowlands

the-meadowlands

[ʹmedō͵lændz]

Entertainment and sports complex in NE New Jersey, in the meadows of the Hackensack River, NW of New York City.


Children’s Books

The Other Jersey Shore

From “Meadowlands”

Just as some books that children find appealing make librarians want to yank their hair out, so other books guaranteed to please school librarians turn children’s gazes toward the recess yard. Then there are the books that satisfy both, like “Meadowlands,” by Hoboken’s Thomas F. Yezerski. Parents in Summit and Montclair will probably like it too.

MEADOWLANDS

A Wetlands Survival Story

Written and illustrated by Thomas F. Yezerski

40 pp. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. $17.99. (Picture book; ages 5 to 8)

Related

From “Meadowlands”

Tracing the history of northern New Jersey’s beleaguered ecosystem step by step from its Lenni Lenape days to its industrial nadir, through shopping mall construction and suburban development and, finally, to the stubborn re-emergence of its indigenous wildlife, “Meadowlands” depicts the human potential for both destruction and renewal. Yezerski not only can write a book on how to teach children about their environmental impact — he has. “Meadowlands” is tremendously (but not intimidatingly) informative, fun to read and gorgeous to look at.

“Meadowlands” is probably best for first and second graders, but 5-year-olds too will follow the story line, even if they don’t understand every concept, and all readers, young and old, will appreciate the detailed drawings that decorate the border of each spread. The introductory page, alerting New Yorkers to the existence of wetlands in what many assume to be the exclusive province of airports and strip malls, shows football fans, mobsters, mosquitoes and rest stops. (The only thing missing, to this New Yorker’s mind, is a Madonna concert at the Izod Center, often known as the Meadowlands arena, circa 1989.)

But while the book allows for humor, its message is serious. Impassioned without being preachy, “Meadowlands” ends on a high note for “this flat, wet, beautiful place”: “In July 2007, for the first time in 50 years, a young osprey — a bird of prey — leaped out and took flight from a nest its parents had built in the Meadowlands.” Pale Male, you’ve got competition to the south.



Montclair (pronounced /mɒntˈklɛər/ or /mɒŋˈklɛər/) is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States.