中國保護自己的林地，卻在俄羅斯破壞性伐木
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從阿爾泰山脈到太平洋沿岸，西伯利亞這片廣袤的土地上遍布著垂死樹樁。在許多俄羅斯人看來， 罪魁禍首無疑是中國 。
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自二十年前對本國天然森林的商業採伐施加限制以來，中國早已將目光轉向俄羅斯等其他國家。而俄羅斯也一直在有意配合，低價把砍伐權出售給中國公司。隨著環保意識的覺醒，這在俄羅斯許多城市引發抗議活動。該行業普遍存在的腐敗現象更是激起了公憤。
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如今，中國已成為世界上最大的木材進口國，中俄邊境的小鎮滿洲里也躍升為重要的木材加工中心。但環保主義者稱，中國祇是把肆無忌憚的採伐帶來的危害從國內轉移到了海外，甚至從中獲益。不過，俄羅斯居民已經提高了警惕，他們說，“如果中國人來了，那就什麼都不會剩下。”
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#公視早安新聞
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https://news.pts.org.tw/article/427431
西伯利亞境內，全球最大淡水湖貝加爾湖，因為豐沛水資源，吸引到中資背景的瓶裝水工廠，今年初開始在湖畔大興土木。而就在當地居民，發起百萬人聯署，要求停工後，現在地方法院也裁定，因為中央環評有瑕疵，建廠工程已經違法。
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https://news.pts.org.tw/article/427431
西伯利亞境內，全球最大淡水湖貝加爾湖，因為豐沛水資源，吸引到中資背景的瓶裝水工廠，今年初開始在湖畔大興土木。而就在當地居民，發起百萬人聯署，要求停工後，現在地方法院也裁定，因為中央環評有瑕疵，建廠工程已經違法。
抽水管線橫跨冬陽下結冰的湖面，岸邊的建廠工程直到三月中旬還在持續進行。眼看怪手對家鄉開挖，居民又心痛了一次。
俄羅斯庫爾圖克村居民 迪米娜說：「我不希望我的孩子孫子住在附近，看著貝加爾湖，卻沒辦法享受它、玩水，甚至在湖畔散散步都不行。」
俄羅斯庫爾圖克村居民 飛利浦夫表示，「可以說外人來到這裡開始掠奪，還蠻橫對待附近居民，當地人不滿，水要出口到中國去。」
控訴搶土地、搶水，居民不滿的對象，是一家中資背景的瓶裝水業者AkvaSib。這裡是俄羅斯西伯利亞貝加爾湖，全球最大最深淡水湖，地球五分之一淡水都在這裡。豐沛水源商機，吸引業者前來開發，計畫兩年後開賣，從今年一月動工；但過沒多久，由當地人率先發難，在全俄羅斯掀起軒然大波，超過百萬人連署要求停工；地方政府也從2017年的背書立場，出現180度大轉彎，質疑環評過程有瑕疵。
葉爾庫茨克州州長 列夫臣科表示，「(這個)完全是個環境保護區，專家環評過程中沒有考慮到，我覺得這件事難以接受，所以我完全看不到這裡蓋瓶裝水工廠有任何好處。」
面對民意大力反彈，總理梅德維傑夫也找州長來了解狀況。其實當地人不滿很久了，俄羅斯2014年因為克里米亞主權爭議，受到西方制裁，盧布慘跌。為了救經濟，當局放寬觀光簽證申請，中國業者打著貝加爾湖是「中國歷史上的領土」名號招攬遊客，但人來了，經濟起色卻讓居民無感。有人抱怨，中國觀光一條龍，錢根本沒有進當地人口袋，反倒留下一堆垃圾，威脅到候鳥棲息地和濕地生態。
貝加爾湖國家公園研究中心副主任 列布查夫表示，「從鳥類學的角度這裡非常有(環保)價值，而且植物學者也發現稀有植物，也呼籲保留這片濕地生態系。」
環評有爭議，地方檢調隨即介入調查，地方法院27號裁定環評不夠周延，中央當初核准的建築許可違法；業者則重申一切合法將提上訴，一陣司法攻防在所難免，工程只能陷入停擺。雖然中俄外交表面看似友好，但設廠風波，卻讓大國之間資源分配的問題浮上檯面。
Fuelled by China fears, Russians protest Baikal bottling plant, Europe ...
https://www.straitstimes.com/.../fuelled-by-china-fears-russians-protest-baikal-bottling
.....Mr Azarov said the facility would not close off village access to the lake, and would provide the locals with 150 jobs, and authorities with tax revenue.
Siberian environmentalist Alexander Kolotov said there were some problems with the plant's location, but that the "anti-China factor is very clear" in the current protest.
The case "hits the bullseye of the fears and stereotypes of modern Russians, that 'China will gulp down our national heritage'."
It follows similar protests against China cutting down forests across Siberia, which have led some regions to cancel agreements with Chinese companies.
Chinese presence in the region exploded after the rouble crashed in 2014 and the Russian government eased tourist visa restrictions.
As tourism and business grew, so did local distrust.
Last week a state TV report, Baikal on Tap, focused on a Chinese hotel for Chinese tourists officially listed as a private home.
The TV crew unsuccessfully tried to interview the man in charge, who did not speak Russian.
"Where is your food permit?" the presenter shouted as the tourists consumed their lunch, ignoring her.
"What kind of food is this?" she asked, opening pots.
'RED RAG TO A BULL'
"For Siberians, there are two things that are like a red rag to a bull and cause an immediate reaction," said Ms Svetlana Pavlova, chief editor of Irkutsk-based IRK.ru news website.
"One is the Chinese, which 'have taken over everything and leave trash', and the second is encroachment on the lake. And here it so happens that the company building the plant is 99 per cent-owned by Chinese nationals."
She said the construction boom of often illegal hotels infuriates locals because they themselves cannot get permission to build anything on the protected shore.
Locals also don't earn money from Chinese tourists who are serviced by Chinese firms on Baikal, she said.
"There has been a cumulative effect" which resulted in the anti-plant backlash, Ms Pavlova added. "People are tired of government inaction."
Mr Denis Bukalov, a campaigner against the project based in Irkutsk, however, said, "it's not not important that it's the Chinese."
Construction had "ruined" the shoreline in Kultuk after the "illegal" portioning off of land, according to the campaigner.
He said the plant set a dangerous precedent.
"You can see on the map of registered land ownership that seven parcels of land are set aside for bottling water" nearby, he said.
"They will turn Baikal into a swamp," he told AFP.
Ecologists point out the project has not accounted for its location on wetlands important for birds.
The area is a key feeding ground during migration seasons, with 130 different bird species recorded there.
Some of those have protected status, said biologist Igor Fefelov of the Russian Bird Conservation Union.
This "was not even mentioned" in the plant's environmental assessment, he said.
Irkutsk region governor Sergei Levchenko, who backed the plant in 2017, has flipped 180 degrees in the face of growing protest.
"The site is environmentally protected land on all sides," he said this week. "I think this is insurmountable. I don't see the potential for bottling water there."
Environmentalist Kolotov said the project would likely turn off others from efforts to experiment with green businesses on the lake.
"It's as if the project was designed especially to discredit the idea of bottling Baikal water," he said.
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Baikal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Baikal
貝加爾湖（布里亞特蒙古文：Байгал нуур，拉丁轉寫：Baygal nuur，意思是「自然之湖」[3]；一說名稱來源於「貝音嘎 嘎拉」（蒙古語意為不滅的火焰）[4]；俄羅斯文：О́зеро Байка́л）。漢代時代稱為北海，五胡十六國時北朝叫「於巳尼大水」，隋唐叫小海，18世紀初期的《異域錄》稱之為「柏海兒湖」，《大清一統志》稱為「白哈兒湖」，蒙古稱為「達賴諾爾」，意為「海一樣的湖」，17世紀20年代的沙皇俄國探索者亦稱之為「聖海」；位於俄羅斯西伯利亞伊爾庫茨克州及布里亞特共和國境內，距離蒙古國邊界111公里，為北亞地區不少部族的世居領地，例如布里亞特人居住在湖泊東側地區，於該地豢養山羊、駱駝、牛隻及綿羊[5][6]。另外，貝加爾湖有「西伯利亞明珠」之稱[7][8][9][10]。
Besides being the world's oldest lake, with the greatest water reserves and transparency, mysterious Baikal has many endemic species that have achieved a unique evolution.
GREAT NATURE
The Timeless Lake: Baikal
February 21, Sat. 9:10 / 15:10 / 21:10 (JST)⋯⋯
更多The Timeless Lake: Baikal
February 21, Sat. 9:10 / 15:10 / 21:10 (JST)⋯⋯
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