Europe | Vowing not to be silent
A fight over a cloister in tourist-filled Florence
Augustinian friars are protesting against a redevelopment plan
Photograph: Getty ImagesMar 27th 2025|Florence
遊客眾多的佛羅倫斯最後的靜謐之地之一是聖靈大教堂附近的一座迴廊，這裡是奧古斯丁修道士的住所，他們的前輩早在 13 世紀就已抵達此地。米開朗基羅曾在這裡居住了一年多，聖器室至今仍懸掛著一個據說是他創作的十字架。這片寧靜的綠洲如今成了喧鬧對抗的焦點。修道院周圍建築物的幾層樓屬於國防部，國防部曾用它們來儲存文件。 2021 年，該部簽訂了一份修復該財產的合約。中標的（也是唯
Augsburg Confession ：奧斯堡信條：乃基督教信義宗派最重要的信條，系墨蘭頓（ Melanchthon ）等人所擬； 1530 年經日爾曼奧斯堡帝國議會通過，亦經馬丁．路德認同。
Augustine, St. ：聖思定；聖奧斯定：教會學者、聖師、會祖（ 354-430 ）。
Augustinian Fathers ：思定會；奧斯定會：教宗亞歷山大四世於 1256 年把許多小型修院和聖思定隱修會合並，組成思定會，以教育及傳教工作為目的。其正式名稱為 Order of St. Augustine ，縮寫為 O.S.A. 。
Augustinianism ：思定學派；思定主義：以研究聖思定（ 354-430 ）思想發展的學派，強調基督兩性一位論、聖寵的重要性及天主的揀選（選拔）等，其主要思想見於天主之城 City of God 及懺悔錄 Confessions 兩書中。
The Basilica di Santo Spirito ("Basilica of the Holy Spirit") is a church in Florence, Italy. Usually referred to simply as Santo Spirito, it is located in the Oltrarno quarter, facing the square with the same name. The interior of the building – internal length 97 m (318 ft) – is one of the preeminent examples of Renaissance architecture.
History
[edit]
Early history
[edit]The land for the Augustinian church and convent was donated by Speziale and Acolti to Aldebrandino, a prior of the Augustinian establishment in Arcetri in 1250.[1] The plot was located on the south bank of Arno in the sesto (one of the six sestieri of Florence) Oltrarno, within the communal walls of 1173–1175,[2] but in a sparsely populated area. It became more accessible with construction of the Holy Trinity bridge (Ponte Santa Trinita) in 1252. The Augustinians started the church and the convent in the same year,[3] incorporating an old church of San Romolo in the complex.[1] It was originally dedicated to Mary, All Saints and the Holy Spirit, changing by the end of the century to Mary, the Holy Spirit and Matthew.[4]
The churches and convents of mendicant orders were constructed with the financial support of the commune, which provided funds for Santo Spirito in 1267,[5] and then from 1292 to 1301.[4]
The convent of S. Spirito became a center of scholarly activities and was recognized as Studium Generale of the Augustinian order in 1284.[6] The first Rule and Constitutions of the Augustinians were approved in 1287 by the general chapter of the order that was held in Florence.[6][7]
Houses were purchased in 1301 to produce a public square in front of the church — the Piazza Santo Spirito. By 1310 Santo Spirito had seven altars and a number of family chapels. More chapels were built during the next hundred years. By mid-century Santo Spirito was a
沒有留言:
張貼留言